Slope Calculator
Calculate the slope, y-intercept, equation, distance, and midpoint between two points on a coordinate plane.
Line Properties
Slope measures the steepness and direction of a line between two points (x₁, y₁) and (x₂, y₂).
Slope formula:
m = (y₂ − y₁) / (x₂ − x₁)
Slope-intercept form:
y = mx + b where b = y₁ − m × x₁
Point-slope form:
y − y₁ = m(x − x₁)
Distance between two points:
d = √((x₂ − x₁)² + (y₂ − y₁)²)
Midpoint:
M = ((x₁ + x₂) / 2, (y₁ + y₂) / 2)
Interpreting slope:
- Positive slope: line goes up from left to right
- Negative slope: line goes down from left to right
- Zero slope: horizontal line
- Undefined slope: vertical line (x₁ = x₂)
- Slope = 1: 45° angle upward
- Slope = −1: 45° angle downward
Angle of inclination:
θ = arctan(m) (in degrees)
Perpendicular slopes: If slope of line 1 is m, perpendicular slope = −1/m