Engineering Formulas

Essential mechanical and civil engineering formulas for stress, strain, fluid dynamics, and thermal analysis.

Understand Bernoulli's equation: P + ½ρv² + ρgh = constant. Essential for fluid dynamics, aerodynamics, and hydraulic engineering.

Calculate heat conduction using Q = kA(T₁-T₂)/d. Fourier's law for steady-state heat transfer through solid materials.

Calculate torque using τ = F × d. Learn how force and distance from a pivot create rotational motion in mechanical systems.

Calculate the Reynolds number using Re = ρvL/μ. Determine whether fluid flow is laminar or turbulent in pipes and channels.

Calculate engineering strain using ε = ΔL/L₀. Understand how materials deform under load with this fundamental mechanics formula.

Calculate mechanical stress using σ = F/A. Learn how force per unit area determines material stress in engineering applications.

Calculate linear thermal expansion using ΔL = αL₀ΔT. Predict how materials expand or contract with temperature changes.

Calculate Young's modulus (elastic modulus) using E = σ/ε. Understand material stiffness and the relationship between stress and strain.