Materials Science Calculators
Materials science calculators for metal properties, hardness conversion, thermal expansion, wood species data, and structural materials.
Mechanical properties, failure modes, hardness scales and welding numbers. 19 calculators for people specifying or checking a material rather than studying one.
Fatigue life covers the failure mode that catches out anyone reasoning from static strength. A part can survive a load indefinitely and still break after ten million cycles at a fraction of it. Steel has a genuine endurance limit, usually around 40 to 50% of tensile strength, below which it will run essentially forever. Aluminium does not. Aluminium accumulates damage at any stress level, which is why aircraft structures get retired on flight hours rather than on inspection alone.
Mohs hardness is worth flagging for what it is not. The scale is ordinal, not linear: it tells you what scratches what and nothing about the size of the gap. Corundum is 9 and diamond is 10, and the real difference between them is larger than the entire range from 1 to 9. The page shows an absolute hardness column beside the Mohs number for that reason.
Hardness conversions between Rockwell, Brinell and Vickers follow the published correlation tables and carry the warning those tables carry: they are approximate, and they are only valid within a material class.
Arrhenius Diffusion Coefficient Calculator
Calculate solid-state diffusion coefficient using the Arrhenius equation. Enter pre-exponential factor, activation energy, and temperature to find D.
Hall-Petch Grain Strengthening Calculator
Calculate yield strength as a function of grain size using the Hall-Petch equation. Shows how grain refinement strengthens metals through boundary hardening.
Hollomon Strain Hardening Calculator
Calculate true stress from true strain using the Hollomon power law. Enter strength coefficient K and hardening exponent n to model work hardening and UTS.
Weld Carbon Equivalent Calculator
Calculate carbon equivalent (CE) and minimum preheat temperature for welding steel. Uses the IIW formula with C, Mn, Cr, Mo, V, Ni, Cu to assess crack risk.
Concrete Mix Design Calculator (w/c Ratio)
Estimate concrete mix proportions and water-to-cement ratio for a target strength in MPa or PSI. Based on the ACI 211.1 absolute volume method.
Corrosion Rate Calculator (Mils per Year)
Calculate metal corrosion rate in mils per year (MPY) and mm/year from weight loss data. Includes corrosion rating classification.
Surface Roughness Calculator (Ra / Rz)
Convert surface roughness between Ra, Rz, Rq, and Rt in micrometers. Returns ISO 1302 finish grade (N1-N12), machining process, and suitable applications.
Welding Heat Input Calculator
Calculate welding heat input in kJ/mm from voltage, current, and speed for SMAW, MIG, TIG, FCAW, and SAW. Includes efficiency factors and preheat guidance.
Composite Rule of Mixtures Calculator
Rule of mixtures for fiber-reinforced composites. Returns longitudinal and transverse modulus, density, strength, and the quasi-isotropic laminate figure.
Creep Rate Calculator
Calculate steady-state creep rate using the Norton power law. Find creep strain, time to failure, and Larson-Miller parameter for metals at high temperature.
Fatigue Life Estimator (S-N Curve)
Estimate metal fatigue life using S-N curves. Calculate cycles to failure from stress amplitude, endurance limit, and fatigue strength coefficient.
Fracture Toughness and Stress Intensity Calculator
Calculate stress intensity factor K, critical crack size, and fracture toughness using LEFM. Applies to metals, ceramics, and polymers.
Lumber and Wood Species Properties
Look up density, Janka hardness, modulus of elasticity, and modulus of rupture for 18 wood species. Calculate board weight from dimensions.
Plastics and Polymer Properties Reference
Look up density, tensile strength, elongation, service temperature, and uses for 18 plastics and polymers. Calculate part weight from volume.
Sheet Metal Gauge, Thickness and Weight
Turn a gauge number into thickness and sheet weight for steel, aluminum, galvanized and stainless. Enter an area to get the weight of the actual sheet.
Yield Strength vs Ultimate Tensile Strength Reference
Look up yield strength and UTS for 20+ materials including steels, aluminum, titanium, plastics, and composites. Calculate applied stress and safety factors.
Young's Modulus / Elastic Modulus Calculator
Calculate stress, strain, and deformation using Young's modulus. Look up elastic modulus values for steel, aluminum, copper, concrete, and other materials.
Hardness Scale Converter (Vickers, Rockwell, Brinell, Shore)
Convert between Vickers (HV), Rockwell B and C (HRB, HRC), Brinell (HB/HBW), Knoop (HK), and Shore D hardness scales for metals and materials.
Mineral Hardness (Mohs Scale) Reference Calculator
Look up minerals on the Mohs Hardness Scale and compare scratch resistance. Find the hardness of common materials from talc (1) to diamond (10).